Optics
Ten discourses explain refraction, vision and optical instruments through mechanical models connecting the behavior of light with perception.
Understanding the text
The first essay accompanying the Discourse presents scientific results independently of a complete exposition of metaphysics.
Key points
- 01
Refraction
A mathematical relation describes a ray’s change of direction between two media.
- 02
Vision
Perception does not mean receiving a mental picture materially resembling the object.
- 03
Instruments
Theory guides lens design and connects science with manufacture and improvements in sight.
How to read it
Notice the different roles of analogies and demonstrations. Using a ball to explain a ray does not prove that light literally consists of balls.
Editions & sources
Summaries and key points are original editorial interpretations. They accompany reading the work and do not replace an edition of the text. Editorial method ↗