Dao De Jing
The collection took shape in ancient China; its manuscripts, versions and textual layers remain debated. Traditional attribution to Laozi does not establish individual authorship.
Explore this workVisit the source(new tab)Daoist traditions · Dates uncertain · ancient China
Laozi
Act without imposing force.
Ancient China
Bibliography
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Works, testimonies and further readings are distinguished. Dates refer to composition or first publication, as specified in each entry.
Bibliographic scope
The Dao De Jing is traditionally attributed to Laozi, whose authorship remains disputed. The two later religious texts are presented as testimony to reception, not authenticated books. This selection does not inventory every commentary or manuscript.
Scripture of the Conversion of the Barbarians
Transmitted in fragmentary and revised forms, this scripture belongs to a later religious history. It is not an authenticated work by the ancient philosopher.
Explore this workVisit the source(new tab)Classic of Purity and Stillness
A work of medieval Daoist tradition, it is traditionally associated with Laozi but cannot be assigned to the ancient figure as its historical author.
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