Roman Epicureanism · didactic poetry · c. 99 – c. 55 BCE

Lucretius

Understanding nature to free the mind from fear.

Rome · Roman Italy
Portraits: artistic interpretations
Philosophy

Ideas that shift your perspective.

01

Atoms and void

Everything that exists is either body or empty space; bodies are compounds of indivisible, eternal particles, so that nothing arises from nothing and nothing is annihilated.

A situation to think through

A ring worn on the finger thins over the years and falling drops hollow a stone: bodies lose particles too small to be seen.

02

The swerve (clinamen)

At no fixed time or place, atoms deviate by the smallest amount from their downward fall; this makes collisions possible and breaks the chain of fate that would leave no room for free will.

A situation to think through

Without a swerve, atoms would fall through the void like parallel raindrops and never meet to form a world.

03

Death is nothing to us

Mind and spirit are made of fine atoms that disperse when the body dies; since no subject remains to feel anything, death cannot be an evil for the one who has died.

A situation to think through

We felt no distress when Carthage fought Rome before we were born; the time after our death will be no different.

04

Honey on the cup

Lucretius defends his use of verse as a way of making a harsh and unfamiliar doctrine attractive, much as physicians sweeten a bitter medicine for children.

A situation to think through

Physicians smear honey on the rim of a cup so that a child drinks bitter wormwood and is cured.

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